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Nominalized adjective
A nominalized adjective is an adjective that has undergone nominalization, and is thus used as a noun. For example, in ''the rich and the poor'', the adjectives ''rich'' and ''poor'' function as nouns denoting people who are rich and poor respectively.
==In English==
The most common appearance of the nominalized adjective in English is when an adjective is used to indicate a collective group. This happens in the case where a phrase such as ''the poor people'' becomes ''the poor''. The adjective ''poor'' is nominalized, and the noun ''people'' disappears. Other adjectives commonly used in this way include ''rich'', ''wealthy'', ''homeless'', ''disabled'', ''blind'', ''deaf'', etc., as well as certain demonyms such as ''English'', ''Welsh'', ''Irish'', ''French'', ''Dutch''.
Another case is when an adjective is used to denote a single object with the property, as in "you take the long route, and I'll take the ''short''". Here ''the short'' stands for "the short route". A much more common alternative in the modern language is the structure using the prop-word ''one'': "the short one". However, the use of the adjective alone is fairly common in the case of superlatives such as ''biggest'', ordinal numbers such as ''first'', ''second'', etc., and other related words such as ''next'' and ''last''.
Many adjectives, though, have undergone conversion so that they can be used regularly as countable nouns; examples include ''Catholic'', ''Protestant'', ''red'' (with various meanings), ''green'', etc.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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